Gas-analyzing apparatus.



LW. & C. W. HAYS.

GAS ANALYZING APPARATUS.

APPucATIoN 111120 1uLY11. 1913.

1,153991 m1911191 S6111.. 21, 11115n 5 SHEETS-SHEU l.

wim/5885s: i mlm/T0115 1. W. a. c. w. HAYs.A

GAS ANAL'YZING APPARATUS.

APPLCATION HLED IULY 17. 1913.

Pm'entedtep. Qi, 1917 5 SHEETS-SHEU 3.

J. W. & C. W. HAYS.

GAS ANALYZING APPARATUS.

APPucATmN naamw/11.1913.

L. '5399 i l Patented Sept. 21, 1915..

5 SHEETS-SHEE 4.

IIIIIIIIII Hlm lli'

/wg MJWM l. W. & C. W. HAYS.

GAS ANALYZING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY l?. 1913.

ma/Wu Why l www? views of a liquid valve, several orario.

JOSEPH HAYE ANB CHAR/LESER H.

` s, or omesso, rLLINoIs.

mmm

Liss-,ain

:Wniteu States', residing in the city of Chif5 cago, county of Cook, and State .of illinois,

liave invented certain new. and useful 1mprovements inl Gas-Analyzing Apparatus, of which the following is a speciiication.

.Our invention applies particularly to automatrc apparatus and to automatic compen sating devices whereby the variable fact-ors of temperature, pressure, evaporation, condensation, etc., encountered in gas analysis, are rendered inoperative, or at least neglil gible.

sis' is employed as a means of efficiency improvement in connection with steam boiler furnaces, ore roasting and. reducing furnaces, etc., that the draft pressure be shown upon the same chart with the gas percentage records. To 'meet this requirement we have devised means in connection with our automatic analyzer whereby the furnace or chimney draft is registered by the same recording means employed to register the gas percentages.

le attain the objects of our invention by the means illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein similar letters and figures refer to similar parts throughout.`

Figure 1 is a view of the analyzing apparatus, proper, shown principally in vertical cross-section. Fig. 2 shows frontend side i of which are employedupon the apparatus. Fig. 3 shows the apparatus for actuating` one of the sev' eral liquid valves employed. Fig. 4 shows an alternative means for connnunicating pressure from one fluid to another. and 5A show a fountain ink-feeding device employed on our recording gage, whereby certain inaccuracies in registering the pressures created by the analyzer are avoided. Fig. 6 shows a filter for separating foreign Tas to be analyzed.

matter from the g v u 1 indicates a In Fig. 1, the numeral water supply pipe, through which water,

referably .under constant pressure is conducted to the aspirator, 2. The iiow of watermay be regulated by a valve, 16 or m any other practical manner. 'The water is discharged from 9. intothe stand-pipe, 3, from whence it is periodically discharged. by the Siphon, 4. Grasis caused to flow from the source of supply,

specification or .teneis retain.

i 2, ture, 12b, and the pressure tube, P1. It is of great importance where gas analy- Figs. o4

first through the filter.'

rarement sept. serais.

Application filed July 1'?, 1913. Serial o. 779,547. f

shownin Fig. 6, thence through pipe 5, the measuring vessel, 8 and pipe 6, (Fig. 1) by the suction effect of the aspirator, 2l. ,Pipe

, connects with the gas-measuring vessel, 8 and is closed to the atmosphere by the distensibie and collapsible bag, 9. The'liquid by-pass valve, 10, connects pipes/ 5 and 6. ihe tubes, 5a and 6a, lead downward from 8 into the chamber, 11a, and have their open ends submerged in the liquid, 11, which is preferably distilled water. The chamber. 11, is entirely. closed except for the opening, 11b, leading into the chamber, 12, and the latter is entirely closed except for the aper- The gasmeasuring vessel, 8, communicates by a small bore tube with the absorber vessel, 14, the latter4 by tube 22 with vessel 15, this in turn by tube Q0 with Vessel 16 and the last named by tube 16a with vessel 35. Vessel 14 is packed with iiltering or straining material, preferably of a fibrous character, as, for example, steel. wool. The function of this material, 13, is two-fold. A liquid chemical 18 lls vessel 14 and the lower part of rThe liquid 17in vessels 15 is a light oil and the liquid 19 in 16 and 16L is preferably distilled water. W'hen gas is forced over into 14 from 8, 18 is displaced and in turn displa'ces 17 which in its turn displaces 19. lili/dien 1S is displaced the fibers of 13 are left covered with the chemical solution and a relatively. large area of absorption surface is offered to the incoming gas. The fibers further serve the office of breaking 11p/the gas body as it enters 14 and in a sense stirring the gas, thereby bringing every gas molecule into cont/act with absorption surfaces. The plug, 21,ati`ords facilities for introducing the oil, 17, andthe tube, 21a, which is closed by the plug, 21", 'facilities for introducing and removing the ab sorber liquid from 14.

The tank, 30, incloses the parts, 8, 14, 15 and 16 and. is filled with water, 31. The bell, 23, in the stand-pipe, 3, communicates by tube, 94, with` the bell, 25, which is submerged in the water, 31. 'The tube, 2G, whicliis open at the top to the atmosphere, has an overiiow 38, into a tube, QG, which communicates with the bottom of reservoir, 33, which is filled with distilled water, 34. T he tank, 0, maybe entirely closed except for an air vent at any desired place, as for example, 30u;l For facilitating the filling of the tank, 3Q, the tube, 1, provided with and 1G l Cri ' being registered on neutral or Zero. line,

the valve, 1b, may be connected with the pipe, 1, as shown and if it is desired to keep water constantly tlowingthrough the tank an opening, 30b,'may be provided to permit the escape of water from 30 into 3.

The tube, P1, leads fr'oin the top of chainber 12 to the pressure connection, Q9, of the valve, V1 and thence to asimilar pressure connection, 29d, of the valve, V32 The tube,l 3G. in'the preferred construction, is adjustably fixed in-the top of and-is open at both ends. Tube 3.7, l V2. and 3S" from the connection'29b of the valve Y2 to the bellows connection of the recording gage in Fig. 1 at 39 as shown. The tube 3Sn isT-conne'cted with 38" and runs to the valve,-II3, as shown.

The recording desired if suitable for registeringlow pressures. lows type shown in Fig. 1 at 39 and adapted to record both positive and negative pressures. This gives us a gage that will record both draft pressures and gas percentages,

the draft or negative pressure being taken v and the valve,I V2, and the chart inside of the Z. The positive pressure, which is inverselyv as the. percentage vof gas absorbed,'is taken through the valve,

through the tube 3S V2, and 'the tubes anfd 38d, from the presand. the coi'itra'ry.

sure chamber y l n In Fig. 1,' Iv is the bellows spring which under either positive or negative pressures communicates movementvto the pen arm,

H, by means of a link andlever arrange- .practic'al inannei'.A

ment or in any other The chart, G, is rotated. by suitable 4clock work. The pen i'noves'fromZ toward the center of the chart under negative pressures and from Z chartunder M, is partly justably fixedby the screw, S. `The wire, N, moves toward the mercury'when the pen moves towai'd the periphery of the chart The screw. S, )makes it by raising or lowering the mercury the mercury and positive pressures. The cup',

possible to secui'e Kcontact between the wire, N, when the position on the chart. The arrangement is such that when contact is made an electrical circuit is completed through the wires.

ll' and Il, and an annunciator caused to ring. In Fig. Q is shown the liquid valve used on the apparat-us at V1, V2 and Y". Fig. 2^ shows the valve in thel closed position. front view, and Fig'. "2 view.v 'IVe prefer valves, but other liquids may be employed if desired. When the i on both sides of the ed. communication is open between 25) and 29". 'lVhen sufficient pressure is applied through Bild to the leads to the valve.,

gage may beof any typel IVe prefer a gage of the spring bellfrom contact with the other..

toward the periphery of the' filled with mercury and is ad pen 'is at any desiredin the 'open position. side to use mercury in these' -Isnrcs are neai' equal mercury in 29a communication wi'th eachother. ldien the pressure 'is released the mercur" vreturns vto water periodically from the pipe l of. thel siplion f1 and -when filled discharges .the waterthrough the .siphon c. hen Z is filling the water rises in (Z, compressing' the it is displaced therefrominto 29h and 29C, sealing these tubesifrom air therein and forcing same through e into 292, displacing the mercury yand closing the valve. When (l is emptied bye, the pres'- s'ure is relieved 'and the contrary valve op` eration takes place. Yalves V1 and VSare closed by air pressure' in asimilar manner, the pressure' being taken through the tube P1 from the chamber 12, Fig. 1. 1'

g In Figui we show an alternative device which we have used very successfully in substitution for the parts 11. their connecting tubes, shown in F ig. 1., The in'oblemis that of coi-nmun'icating pressui'e from one fluid to another 'with negligible friction while preserving each fluid as-sh'own in-Fig. 4, A1 is a closed vessel, B2

vis a bulb packed with a brousmaterial, 13,

H* is a collapsible l preferably steel' wool. bag, preferably of rubber, attached tothe tubeJ2, which is in tui'n connected with 15 and llvwith.'

In the device.

the tube D2 on which there may be a'scale.'

D1. J2 is T-connected with the tube 1GZL below its. point of'juncture' with tube 2T.

a tube for filling and'emptying the vessel A1. F2 is a rubber tube which may be closed by the clamp, F1. ,G1 is a rubber tube through which connection is made with. the tube'Sa of the gas measuring vessel, S, Fig. 1. The bag, H4, and the tube lJ2 are filled with distilled water, 19. wWhen gas is forced from S upon the liquid chemical 1S, in B2.

the li-quid is displaced from B2 into A1 and the bag.' H4, is deflated b v the amount of such displacement,

J2. The lquantity of this displacement vis measured bythe scale D1 and will be less' the water, 19 f being foi'ced therefrom upward into and through than iioi'iiial according` to the quantity of the measured gas sample absorbed by the liquid 1S. n B2, J2 and El are connected with A1 are of course air and.liquid tight and tlie-.clai'np, F1. is normally closed. l

In Figs. 5 and 5A we show the application of a fountain ink-feeding device to our recording gage, which is quite lessential to the satisfactory working of our apparatus.

'Gas samples are taken andanalyzed at intervals of about' three ininutesand a 'record of each analysisis made by a4 stroke v.o f lthe The gaskets b v means ofwh'ich "pen, E2, upon the chart. Gra total.ofjsome' 4S0lpen strokesin 2t'hours.v relatively' teem 1- large quantity of ink is required for these records and it has proved impractical to carry the required quantity .in the pen itself. ln Fig. 1 we show. a pen having the usual type of ink bowl,lwith which our first eX- periments were made. It willbe noted that in making a record the pen moves away from the center of gravity and that the inkbowlF with its charge of ink has an increasing `leverage through H upon the bellows `spring, K, as the moment of force changes. The result is that the increments of pressure required to move the pen across the succeeding intervals Vof the chart grow less endless as the ypen moves toward the periphery of the chart. The greater the weight of the pen and itscargo of ink, the farther the pen will move under any given increment of pressure. Tf however thev weight be constant the discrepancy can be compensated for in the calibration of the chart. But with the type of pen, F, the weight is a variable and no sort of counterbalancing aLrangement on Athe pen arm or calibration of the chart 'will offset thisvariable. le found that with this type of pen the errors in our records were as great as 5 per cent. and to 'eliminate the trouble we devised the arrangem/ent `shown in Figs. 5 and 5A. The recording/pen as shown in Figs. 5 and-5A is preferably of glass drawn\ down to a fine point having zcapillary opening through which/ the ink is discharged upon th chart. D is'a very smal rubber" tube hazing a minute bore and imsli-pped over the tapered shank ofthe pen, E2. depends downward to the eye of the retainer, E, from whence' it rises to the reservoir, A, connecting with the tube, C, which dips into the ink, B. It is only necessary to start a flow of ink through the tube, D, to thev pen, Thereafter the flow is continued un# ceasingly until all of lthe ink inthe reservoir is exhausted. The rate of flow may be increased or diminished by raising or lowering the reservoir, theib 7'changing the head. In all circumstances the weight upon the', pen arm will be constant. c

ln Fig. G we show a lterfor removing soot or other foreign substances -from 'the gas to be analyzed. Q is a tank, having an overfiow, Q1.' x is a`bell, or gas-holder, which stands in Q and incloses the filter prope-r. Gas is conducted to Athe filter through the pipe, T, and fromthe filter to the analyzer through the pi 9e The filtering material X1 which may be cotton waste or any other" suitable substance is packed in the wiremesh basket, X, around and over thewire mesh cylinder, Y. `X and Y are vsupported upon the plate, 72, through which the tube, U, passes. Q is partly filled with water, M,'on the surface bf which a quantityof oil, N2, is carried to y prevent evaporation. The tube, U, is convmg assumed for the .tilled water. The vessels,

nected witlipipe -5 ofthe analyyler, Fig. 1, and T goes to' the source of gas supply. Both T and Usare trapped as shown to catch thb water of condensation and prevent water seals from/forming in the pipes. a The apparatus operates as follows, it \be purposes of description that the gases ofl combustion escaping from\ a steam boiler furnace are to be taken. and that 'the percentage of CO2 contained in -the gases is to be determined and recorded, also the draft or vacuum in the boiler furnace or flue: The pipe, serted in the flue or near as possible to the point where the gases leave the heating surfaces. The pipe 3S, Fig. 1, is led to'the point where it isdesired to measure the draft,preferably the furnace in which the fuel is burned. The valves, V1, V2 and V3 are charged with mercury as shown in Fig. 2,-also the cup, M, Fig. 1. The reservoir, 33, and the compartment, 11, Fig. 1, are filled with dis, 14, 15 and 16 and their connecting tubes are filled with liquids :1s/indicated in F 1, viz., 1S, a solution of potassium hydroXid,-17 a lighty mineral oil and 19, distilled water. The water is first introduced through the tube, 20, the plug, Q1, being removed for the purpose. The potash solution is next introduced through the tube, 21, the plug,"'21b, being removed for the\purpose. The oil 'is -lastly introduced through tube 20, -and the plugs, 21 and 211 replaced. Then it is desired to renew the potash solution a siphoned out through fresh solution introduced. The necessary water connections are next made 'with tube 1 and a proper-bw instituted through pipe l'by-adjustment of the valve,.1.I Gas will be Aentrained in the water flowing down the bent tube, i2, and a suction thereby applied upon the pipe, 6,'. which willbe communicated through S and 5 and thence to'the boilerfrom whence the 'gas is tube taken. le have found that the pull 1, of' theV aspirator isgreatly increased if the water is delivered intolthe gas-pipe, 2, through a constricted opening and at right angles'to the gas pipe. This causes the water to be projected with some lforce against the walls ofthe pipe, 2, with the result that the water, stream is broken and the trapping effectofthe water upon the gas greatly increased. In aspirators -or ejectors of this type lthe practice heretofore has been to introtce the gas at right angles tc the water flow, of. in other words to flow the water by vthe opening through which duced. By reversing the operation and projecting `the 'water into the gas passage we the tube, 21, and

T, of the filter, Fig. G. is inpass i of the boer as measured quantity 1sy the gas is introhave more than doubled the pulling eli'ect of d the aspirator. ve believe that the arrangement -as here shown and described new to -and seals the tubes 5 and 6 with Water er oil.

the art. The aspirator is Working properly when the water appears frothy in the tub lThe tank, 30, is nextfilled with *ater by: opening the valve, 1b. The apparatus is lnon' ready for continuous operation andl the gas is", ilovving rapidly from the boiler tokand through the analyzer. The water discharged from the aspirator, 2, is

delivered tothe stand-pipe, 3, and accumulates therein, also in compartment, 12a. 'hcn the opening, 12., is sealed with vvater the -rising head of vvater in 3 exerts a static pressure upon the air in 12a and'. 11a. 'The air acts as aI piston between the ivater, 12, and the distilled Water, 11,-the latter being displaced through the tubes, 5.a and 6a into 5, 6, 7 and S.`

at the points, 5b and 6b, the gas 'ceases to flonvtlirough these tubes and is short-circuited V'from g'to 6 through the liquid valve 10.J fvvhich is sealed The gas trapped above the points, 5" and ,6b ivill be at something less than atmospheric pressure, but as the Water rises farther toward 8 atmospheric pressure will ybe reached and maintained until the level of ,the ivater reaches Sbfethe surplus gas above the quantity called for by the gas-measuring vessel, 8, being displaced into the tube, 7, and the expansion gas bag, 9.

When the water rises in tubes 5, 6 and 7 beyond 8b, the pressure in 8 is increased above that of the atmosphere and the gas is forced through the tube, Sn, displacing the potash solution, 18, in 11. flfhe potash displaces the oil, 17, and the latter in turn displaces the water, 19. The avater rises in 16 and 35 until the tube',`36, is sealed at 36a Whereupon a pressure is exerted upon the air trapped in 35". This pressure is xed by the height to which the vvater'rises in 36 and 1t is communicated to the gage and regis-I tered by vthe recording pen -upon the chart, G. The apparatus is so calibrated that the pressure applied to and registered by the gage is inverselyv as the percentage of the gas absorbed. If no absorption takes place,- if there is no C()2 present-there ivill be a maximum displacement of the liquid, 18, followed by maximum displacements of the liquids, 17 and 19 with maximum rise of. 19 in tube 36. The calibration should be such that under lthese circumstances the recording pen would move entirely across the chart from thcstarting line, Z to the line Z1.

Sca-le. 36h may serve as an indicator and should be calibrated to agree ivith the re coi-ding gage. The apparatus may be calibrated to coverany range of gas absorption required. For example if it is used to d eterminethe percentage volume of SO2 1n 'the gases from a sulfur ore roasting furnace the range need not exceed 10 per cent. as this gure may be taken as the'maximum for the gasvsample is being passed over.

' Then the Water, 11, reaches at the termination of each analyzer for such conditions, the tube 396,

and seal the tube 36 at36a of the gas passed into 1-1 absorbed. -It vvill be seen that the lovver end of B6-riz. 36a lation to the starting point, 19 1, of the ivater,-l9, in tube 16a. The greater the range of gas absorption to vbe covered the sooner the ivater must reach and seal36a when the Tf a range of gas absorption as high as 100 per cent. is to be covered the tube, 36, may be dispensed ivithaltogether, as it would be necessary under such circumstances to register the slightest displacement of the Water, 19. It will be seen that calibration of the analyzer may also be effected by changing the position of the starting point, 1.9-1, the tube 36 being ilmnovably fixed in 35. It will also be seen that when once this starting point has been established it is essential that the liquid, 19, be brought exactly to this pointcycle of'operation, otherwise the records Would be inaccurate.

when 10 per. cent.

the position of from S should be has a denite re- To bring the liquid to the startingpoint on each operation of the apparat-us requires constant adjustment, because the volumes of the liquids. 1T, 1S and 19 are affected, 1st, by changes of temperature, 2nd, by evaporation 3rd, by the condensation of ivater vapor carried by the` gases. lVe correct the levels of the liquids automatically in our -apparatus in the following manner: Tube 16a is cross-connected with tube 26 by tubes v27 and 28 through valve, V1. Tube 26 is provided With an overflow, 3S, vvhich through tube 26a leads to the bottom of reservoir 33, which is filled with distilled water, 34. The arrangement is such that vvhen Water rises .in the stand-pipe, 3, a pressure is applied through tube, P1, upon the mercury in 29d,

' displacing the mercury 'into tubes 27 and 2S,

sealing same. A similar pressure is at the same time exerted through P1 and P2 upon the Water in 33, displacing same through 26a into 26. lllhile these displacements are taking place the gas sample is forced from 8 into 1l and as a result the water, 19, is displaced :into 35 and a record made by the gage as previously described. Upon the Water reaching 'its maximum hight,'t6, in stand-pipe, 3, the siphon, #1, overflows and the vvater level falls, thereby relieving the pressures and permitting all of the liquids, including the mercury in V1 and V2, to return to their normal levels. The residual gas in 14 flows backfrom 14 to 8 through inr26 falls to the crei-flow point, 38. .This 55 SO content of the gases.r--To calibrate the?,y

permits a-- flowl of Water in either direction lfrom 35 and 16"L to with'the result that the water levels in 16a land 26 fall together, v

rwill be inthe opposite direction, Viz. from idf. 1.- "'-'fiiXed in 1Ga at the exact level called for by between 85 and 16a;

' .operate with the highest possible.percentage4 nunciator lwhen the recording pen,

2G 'to 162'. In any event the water will be the calibration of the apparatus, viz. the

point, 19-1. For thepurpose of facilitating adjustment it is` necessary that some means be provided for raising orlowering the point of normal level, or. what-we term the start-ing point, 19-,1, with reference Jto-:SGfk This can be accomplished by raising or' lowering the over-iow point, 38, or what amounts to the same thing, by raising or lowering 357with the tube 86 through eloiigating or shortening the connection, 16h, A ready method of making the adjustment inthe; latter man"- ner is by the sleeve, 16", into which the tubes, 85aand 16a, telescope. Any arrangement by means of which the starting point,

19, 1, may be altered, viz. either raised or l'oweie"d will answer the purpose. Simultaneously with the sealing of tubes 27 and 28 by V1, tube 38a is sealed by V?, pressure being-applied to the mercury in both V1 and V3, through the saine tube, viz. P1. The closing of V3 shuts off the bellows spring, K, from all affecting pressures except that communie-ated through 37 from 35".

In boiler furnace practice it is desirable to of CO2 in the iiue gases, consistent with complete combustion. As a means of arousing the attention of the operating fireman whenV the CO2 percentage is below the de* mands of good practice we employ the alarm device shown in Fig. 1. The recording pen, as previously stated, moves from the starting line, z, toward the periphery of the chart, scoring exactly upon the zero line, Z1, when there is no absorption of gas by the liquid, 18.

bell, or otherwise, it is necessary only to so adjust the level of the mercury, M, that the dipping needle, N, willl make contact land complete an electrical circuit F, reaches the point onthe scale, G, where it is 'desired to arrest the attention of the fireman. To iX the mercury: level the cup is raised or lowered by means ofthe screw, S. When the water levelin 8 reaches the point, 4:6 and the siphon overflows, the discharge water is.

The arrangement is suoli that for a short the latter being- To produce an alarm by an an.

interval following the evacuation of water lAs a means of simplifying the apparatus we have successfully employed the `device shown in Fig. i1 in substitution for the parts,

14, 15m and 16. The absorber liquid, 18,I is contained in the vessel, A1, and the bulb, B2,

fibers. The bag, H4, is illed'with distilled water, 19. Grl is connected with the gas measuring vessel, 8. The arrangement is suoli that when gas is forced into B? from 8' the liquid, 18, is displaced, deiiating the bag, H4, which in turn displaces the water 19 into 35. The tube, D2, having the scale, D1, may be'employed as an accessory if desired, serving as an indicator of the gas percentage, the displacement into said tube, as into 35,

being inversely proportional to the volume of gas absorbed.

wWe claim-4 1. A gas analyzer consisting nected gas measuring and absorber vessels, a liquid chemical in said absorber vessel and means for periodically bringing said liquid chemical to normal level.

y A gas analyzer consisting of connected gas measuring and absorber vessels, a liquid chemical in said absorber vessel and automatic means for periodically bringing said liquid` chemical to predetermined normal level.

3. A gas analyzer consisting of connected gas measuring and absorber vessels, a liquid in said absorber Vessel and automatic meal s for periodically adding to or subtracti g from said liquid an amount equal to any increase'or decrease in the volume of said liquid.

4. A gas analyzer consisting of connected gas measuring and absorber vessels, a liquid in said absorber vessel, means for passing gas back and forth between said vessels and automatic means for periodically bringing said liquid to predetermined normal level when the gas is returned from the absorber vessel to the measuringvessel.

5. A gas analyzer consisting of connected gas measuring andabsorber vessels, a liquid `in said absorber vessel, a tube connected with said absorber'vessel, a liquid 1n said' absorber vessel and said tube and means for periodically bringing the liquid in said tube to normal level.

G. A gas analyzer consisting'of connected gas measuring and absorber vessels, a liquid chemical in said absorber vessel, a tube connected with said absorber vessel, a liquid in said tube, a movable Abody between said of conpacked with steel wool liquid and said liquid chemical, av pipe ing a valve therein connecting` said tube with 'a liquid reservoir. I

'7. A gas analyzer consisting of connected.

gas measuring and absorber vessels, a liquid chemical in said absorber yessel, a tube connected vwith said absorber vessel, a 4liquid in said tube, a movable body between said liquid an'd said liquid chemical, a pipe having a valve therein, connecting said tube with a liquid reservoir and means for automatically operating said valve.

8. A gas analyzer consisting of connected gas measuring and absorber vessels, a liquid chemical in said absorber'vessel, a tube con nected with said absorber-vessel, a liquid in said tube, a pipe connecting said tube with a liquid reservoir, a liquid 'reservoir between said' first mentioned reservoir and said tube and means for forcing liquid from said last mentioned reservoir into said pipe.

9. A gas analyzer consisting of connected gas measuring and absorber vessels, a liquid in said absorber vessel, means forpe-v riodically bringing said liquid to piedetermined normal level and means for causing gas to flow normally through said measuring vessel and periodically from said measuring vessel to said absorber vessel. i

10. A gas analyzer-consisting of connected gas measuring and absorber vessels, a coinmon jacketing chamber surrounding said vessels, a liquid in said absorber vessel and means for periodically bringing said liquid to predetermined normal level.

11. A gas analyzerconsisting of connected gas measuring and absorber vessels, a common jacketing chamber surrounding said vessels, a tube leading from said absorber vessel, a liquid in said absorber vessel and said tube, means for bringing the liquid in said abr sorbeiuvesselto predetermined normal level and means for causing gas to fiow normally through said measuring .vessel and periodically from said measuring vessel to said ab soi-ber vessel.

1'2. A gas analyzer consisting of connected gas measuring and absorber vessels, achemical in said absorber vessel, a tube connected with said absorber vessel, a liquid in said tube, a liquid reservoir having a tube connected therewith, an overflow in said tube and a pipe connection between said first mentioned and said last mentioned tubes.

13. A gas analyzer consisting of connected gas measuring and absorber vessels, a cliemical in said absorber vessel, a tube connected with said absorber vessel, a liquid in said tube, a liquid reservoir having a tube con- .mon normal levels.

14. A gas analyzer consisting of connected gasmeasuring and'gas' absorbing vessels, a chemical in said absorber vessel, a tube con.-

nected with said absorber vessel, a liquid in` l l said tube, a liquid. reservoir having a tube connected therewith,\an overiow in said tube, a pipe connection between said tubes below said'oveiflow and the point of normal level of the` liquid in said last mentioned.

tube and' means for causing the `liquids to rise and fall in-said tubes.

l,5. A gas analyzer consisting of connected gas measuring and absorber Vessels, a chemical in said absorber vessel, a tube connected with said absorber vessel, a liquid insaid tube, aliquid reservoir havingl a tube connected therewith, a cross-connection between saidktubes,'a valve in said cross' connectioin means for opening and closing said valve, and means'for forcing gas from said measuring vessel. into said absorber vessel displacing said first mentioned liquid. into said first mentioned .tube and for synchronously fore liquid in said first mentioned tube, into the same horizontal plane as the overflow in *said last mentioned tube.

17.. A gas analyzer consisting of connected gas measuring and absorber vessels', a clieiiiical in said absorber vessel, a 'tube connected with -said absorber vessel, a liquid vin said tube, a liquid reservoir` having a tube con- 'nected therewith, means for `periodically al tering the levels of the liquids in said tubes and means for bringing said liquids. after'.

such alteration to a predetermined' normal evel. V 18. A gas analyzer consisting of connected gas measuring and absorber vessels, a liquid chemical in said absorber vessel, a tube con.

necte'd with said absorber vessel,'a liquid in said tube,a movable body separating said liquid chemical and said liquid in said t'ube,

a liquid reservoir having va tube connected ,therewith aiidnieans for bringing said liq- `uids in said tubes to predetermined comioo measuring and absorbe-r. vessels, a liquid 'chemical in said absorber vessel, a tube connected with said absorber vessel, a liquid in said tube, a movable body separating said liquid chemical from the liquid in said tube, a liquid reservoir having a tube connected therewith, a cross connection between said tubes, a. valve in said cross connection, means tor opening and closing said valve, means for altering the levels of the liquids in said tubes. and means for restoring said liquids to a common predetermined normal level.

20. A gas analyzer consisting of gas measuring and absorber vessels, a liquid chemical in said absorber vessel, a tube connected with said absorber vessel, a liquidin said tube, a movable body separating said liquid chemical from the liquid in said tube, a liquid reservoir having a tube connected therewith, an overflow in said tube, a cross connection between said tubes, a valve in said cross connection, means for-bringing the liquids in said tribes to a commen" level with said overflow and a common pressure means for moving gas from said measuring vessel to ,said absorber vessel displacing the liquid chemical therefrom, for altering the position of said separating movable body and for raising 'the levels of the liquids in said tubes. Y

21. in automatic gas analyzer compris ing a water aspirator fordrawing gas to and through the gas measuring chamber of said analyzer, an absorber vessel connected by tube with said gas measuring chamber, a liquid chemical in said absorber vessel, means for automatically bringing said liquid chemical to predetermined normal level, a closed vessel. for receiving the discharge from said water aspirator, a tube connection between said vessel and said gas measuring chamber' and a siphon for emptying said vessel. I

22. ln an automatic gas analyzer, the combination of a gas pump, a gas measuring chamber, a gas absorbing chamber, connected with said gas measuring chamber, a liquid chemical. in said gas absorbing chamber, a chamber having a movable body therein connected with said gas absorbing chamber, a tube connected with said chamber, a liquid in said chamber and said tube, pressure means for forcing gas from said measabsorber chamber and automatic means for correcting the levels of said liquid chemical and said other drawing gas to and through said gas measuring chamber, an absorber vessel connected with said measuring chamber, a liquid chemical in said absorber' vessel, means for periodically correcting the level of said liquid chemical, means for periodically forcing water into said measuring chamber displacing the gas therefrom into said absorber 'vessel and a recording gage for measuring the volume of the 'chemical so displaced.

An automatic gas analyzer' consisting of a gas measuring chamber, a pump for drawing gas to and through said gas measuring chamber, an absorber' vessel connected With said measuring chamber, a chemical in said absorber vessel, a tube connected with said absorber vessel, a liquid in said tube, means for periodically correcting the level of said liquid, and means forliperiodically forcing water into said measuring chamber displacing the gas therefrom'into Said absorber vessel upon said chemical displacing the liquid in said tube and a recording gage for measuring the volume of the liquid so displaced.

Josera W. nar's. errantes W. Have.

"Witnesses:

E. K. UEBE, HARVEY G. liars. 

